Menopause and ADHD:
Understanding the Overlap and Struggles
ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) is often seen as a childhood condition, primarily associated with hyperactive boys. However, ADHD symptoms often differ between genders. While boys may display noticeable hyperactivity, girls are more likely to exhibit inattentiveness and emotional sensitivity, which are often misunderstood or overlooked. These differences have historically contributed to the underdiagnosis of ADHD in women. However, an increasing number of women are being diagnosed later in life, frequently during perimenopause or menopause. This delayed diagnosis can leave many women struggling with unrecognized symptoms, compounded by the hormonal changes of menopause.

Why ADHD is Diagnosed Later in Women
Historically, ADHD has been underdiagnosed in women due to societal and cultural biases. Girls often exhibit inattentive symptoms rather than hyperactivity, which may be dismissed as shyness, dreaminess, or even laziness. As they grow older, women may develop coping mechanisms to mask their struggles, such as over-preparing, working longer hours, or becoming perfectionists.
During menopause, however, these compensatory strategies often start to unravel. Hormonal changes affect cognitive functions like focus, memory, and emotional regulation, intensifying ADHD symptoms. This intersection of ADHD and menopause often triggers a crisis point, prompting many women to seek answers for their struggles.
How Menopause Affects ADHD Symptoms
Menopause brings significant hormonal shifts, particularly the decline of estrogen, which plays a crucial role in brain function. Estrogen influences dopamine—a neurotransmitter essential for attention and focus—and affects memory retention and mood regulation. Its decline can lead to increased forgetfulness, difficulty concentrating, and heightened emotional sensitivity, further complicating ADHD symptoms during menopause. Estrogen influences dopamine, a neurotransmitter essential for attention and focus—both key areas affected in ADHD. The hormonal fluctuations during menopause can:
- Increase forgetfulness and brain fog.
- Heighten emotional dysregulation and anxiety.
- Exacerbate fatigue and overwhelm.
These overlapping symptoms can make it difficult for women and even healthcare professionals to distinguish between ADHD and menopause-related issues.
What Your GP May Do
When a woman consults her GP with concerns about ADHD and menopause, the journey may involve several steps:
Initial Assessment: The GP may ask about your history, symptoms, and how they affect your daily life. They may also use standardised ADHD diagnostic tools.
Referral to Specialists: Women may be referred to an ADHD specialist or psychiatrist for further evaluation and diagnosis.
Medication Options: If diagnosed, the GP or specialist might prescribe ADHD medications like stimulants (e.g., methylphenidate) or non-stimulants. They may also consider hormone replacement therapy (HRT) to address menopausal symptoms that worsen ADHD.
Lifestyle Advice: Doctors often suggest non-medical interventions, such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), mindfulness, and physical exercise.
Statistics and Trends
- Studies indicate that around 4.4% of adults have ADHD, but women are more likely to be undiagnosed until adulthood (source: National Institute of Mental Health).
- Research shows that 42% of women diagnosed with ADHD first notice symptoms intensifying during perimenopause.
- Only about 20-30% of adults with ADHD receive treatment, highlighting a significant gap in care.
Steps Women Can Take to Help Themselves
While a diagnosis and professional support are invaluable, women can also take proactive steps to manage ADHD symptoms during menopause:
Educate Yourself: Understanding how ADHD and menopause interact can empower you to advocate for appropriate care.
Build a Routine: Structure and consistency can help manage forgetfulness and overwhelm.
Exercise Regularly: Physical activity boosts dopamine and serotonin levels, improving focus and mood.
Practice Relaxation: Techniques like nasal breathing can reduce stress and enhance emotional regulation.
Seek Support: Join support groups or online communities for women with ADHD to share experiences and strategies.
Consider Diet: A balanced diet rich in protein, healthy fats, and complex carbohydrates can stabilise energy levels and improve focus.
Time Management Tools: Use planners, reminders, and apps to stay organised and reduce forgetfulness.
Professional Therapy: Therapy can address emotional challenges, teach coping skills, and improve self-esteem.
Prioritise Sleep: Sleep is critical for managing both ADHD and menopausal symptoms. Create a calming bedtime routine and seek help if sleep disorders arise.
Learn to Delegate: Recognise when you need help, and don’t hesitate to ask for support from family, friends, or colleagues. Lightening your load can make a big difference.
Conclusion
The intersection of ADHD and menopause is a challenging, often overlooked experience for many women. Increased awareness, proper diagnosis, and treatment can help women navigate this stage of life with greater clarity and confidence. If you suspect ADHD, don’t hesitate to speak with your GP and advocate for the support you deserve. With the right tools and understanding, managing ADHD during menopause is entirely possible.
For example, consider Jane, a 48-year-old teacher who struggled with brain fog and constant overwhelm. After seeking help, she received a diagnosis, started therapy, and joined a support group. She uses practical strategies to stay organized and feels more in control of her daily life. Her story is a testament to the positive changes that can happen with the proper support.
Remember, you are not alone. There are many pathways to a healthier, more balanced life during this transformative phase, whether through medical intervention, lifestyle changes, or support networks.